Orthodontics

Orthodontics is the branch and specialty of dentistry concerned with the supervision, guidance, and correction of the growing or mature dentofacial structures and the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of any abnormalities associated with these structures. The National Dental Speciality Examination (NDSE) in Orthodontics tests a candidate’s knowledge and clinical competence in Orthodontics at the specialty level in Canada.

This reference list is provided to support the candidate’s preparation for the examination. The references included in the specialty reference list are those that are traditionally utilized in the specialty to support the examination development process. Inclusion on this list does not guarantee the reference was utilized in examination development. And by no means is this an exhaustive list of references for the examination development process.